European Indicators

Since January 2006, the European Commission has supported the production of European bird indicators.

Table overview: Updated European, EU, and regional smoothed indicators, including time span, number of species, and indicator trend.
Indicator details: Select an indicator in the Indicator column and click Show to view the graph, species list, and country coverage.
Graphs: Display graphs separately or combined (All data in one graph). Use Reset to clear selections.
Graph info: Each indicator graph shows species trends (declining, increasing, stable, uncertain) and provides species and country lists.

Further details on the production of the European indicators are provided in European Wild Bird Indices, 2025 update.

Confidence limits may be shown only if the option All data in one graph is set to no.

All Bird Index, Europe, 1980-2024

Trend of species contributing to the indicator:

  • Moderate decline 81
  • Moderate increase 47
  • Stable 37
  • Steep decline 1
  • Strong increase 0
  • Uncertain 2

All Bird Index, Europe

Species Base year Trend classification
Acanthis flammea 1980 Moderate decline
Accipiter nisus 1980 Stable
Acrocephalus arundinaceus 1982 Stable
Acrocephalus palustris 1980 Moderate decline
Acrocephalus schoenobaenus 1980 Stable
Acrocephalus scirpaceus 1980 Stable
Actitis hypoleucos 1980 Moderate decline
Aegithalos caudatus 1980 Moderate increase
Alauda arvensis 1980 Moderate decline
Alcedo atthis 1991 Moderate increase
Alectoris rufa 1998 Moderate decline
Anas platyrhynchos 1980 Moderate increase
Anthus campestris 1991 Uncertain
Anthus pratensis 1980 Moderate decline
Anthus trivialis 1980 Moderate decline
Apus apus 1980 Moderate decline
Ardea cinerea 1980 Moderate increase
Bombycilla garrulus 1988 Uncertain
Bubulcus ibis 1998 Moderate increase
Burhinus oedicnemus 1998 Moderate decline
Buteo buteo 1980 Moderate increase
Calandrella brachydactyla 1998 Moderate increase
Calcarius lapponicus 2000 Moderate decline
Carduelis carduelis 1980 Moderate increase
Carduelis citrinella 2002 Moderate decline
Carpodacus erythrinus 1980 Moderate decline
Cecropis daurica 1998 Moderate increase
Certhia brachydactyla 1982 Moderate increase
Certhia familiaris 1980 Moderate decline
Cettia cetti 1989 Moderate increase
Chloris chloris 1980 Moderate decline
Ciconia ciconia 1980 Moderate increase
Circus aeruginosus 1980 Moderate increase
Cisticola juncidis 1998 Moderate increase
Clamator glandarius 1998 Moderate decline
Coccothraustes coccothraustes 1980 Stable
Columba oenas 1980 Moderate increase
Columba palumbus 1980 Moderate increase
Corvus corax 1980 Moderate increase
Corvus corone 1980 Moderate increase
Corvus frugilegus 1980 Moderate increase
Corvus monedula 1980 Stable
Cuculus canorus 1980 Moderate decline
Curruca cantillans / Curruca subalpina 1989 Moderate increase
Curruca communis 1980 Moderate increase
Curruca curruca 1980 Stable
Curruca hortensis 1989 Moderate increase
Curruca melanocephala 1989 Stable
Curruca nisoria 1982 Stable
Curruca undata 1998 Moderate decline
Cyanistes caeruleus 1980 Moderate increase
Cyanopica cooki 1998 Moderate increase
Cygnus olor 1980 Moderate increase
Delichon urbicum 1980 Moderate decline
Dendrocopos major 1980 Moderate increase
Dendrocopos syriacus 1999 Stable
Dryobates minor 1980 Stable
Dryocopus martius 1980 Moderate increase
Egretta garzetta 2000 Stable
Emberiza calandra 1980 Moderate decline
Emberiza cia 1998 Moderate decline
Emberiza cirlus 1989 Stable
Emberiza citrinella 1980 Moderate decline
Emberiza hortulana 1980 Moderate decline
Emberiza melanocephala 2002 Moderate decline
Emberiza rustica 1980 Moderate decline
Emberiza schoeniclus 1980 Moderate decline
Erithacus rubecula 1980 Moderate increase
Falco tinnunculus 1980 Moderate decline
Ficedula albicollis 1982 Moderate increase
Ficedula hypoleuca 1980 Moderate decline
Fringilla coelebs 1980 Moderate decline
Fringilla montifringilla 1980 Moderate decline
Fulica atra 1980 Stable
Galerida cristata 1998 Moderate decline
Galerida theklae 1998 Moderate increase
Gallinago gallinago 1980 Moderate decline
Gallinula chloropus 1980 Moderate decline
Garrulus glandarius 1980 Moderate increase
Grus grus 1984 Moderate increase
Haematopus ostralegus 1980 Moderate decline
Hippolais icterina 1980 Moderate decline
Hippolais polyglotta 1989 Stable
Hirundo rustica 1980 Moderate decline
Iduna pallida 2005 Stable
Jynx torquilla 1980 Moderate decline
Lanius collurio 1980 Stable
Lanius minor 1999 Moderate decline
Lanius senator 1998 Moderate decline
Larus ridibundus 1990 Moderate decline
Leiopicus medius 1989 Moderate increase
Limosa limosa 1984 Moderate decline
Linaria cannabina 1980 Moderate decline
Locustella fluviatilis 1982 Moderate decline
Locustella naevia 1980 Moderate decline
Lophophanes cristatus 1980 Moderate decline
Lullula arborea 1980 Moderate increase
Luscinia luscinia 1980 Moderate decline
Luscinia megarhynchos 1980 Moderate decline
Luscinia svecica 1996 Moderate decline
Lyrurus tetrix 1996 Stable
Melanocorypha calandra 1998 Moderate decline
Merops apiaster 1989 Stable
Motacilla alba 1980 Stable
Motacilla cinerea 1980 Stable
Motacilla flava 1980 Moderate decline
Muscicapa striata 1980 Moderate decline
Nucifraga caryocatactes 1982 Stable
Numenius arquata 1980 Moderate decline
Numenius phaeopus 1984 Stable
Oenanthe hispanica 1998 Moderate decline
Oenanthe oenanthe 1980 Moderate decline
Oriolus oriolus 1982 Stable
Parus major 1980 Moderate increase
Passer domesticus 1980 Moderate decline
Passer montanus 1980 Moderate decline
Perdix perdix 1980 Moderate decline
Periparus ater 1980 Stable
Petronia petronia 1998 Stable
Phasianus colchicus 1980 Moderate increase
Phoenicurus ochruros 1982 Moderate increase
Phoenicurus phoenicurus 1980 Moderate increase
Phylloscopus bonelli 1989 Stable
Phylloscopus collybita 1980 Moderate increase
Phylloscopus sibilatrix 1980 Moderate decline
Phylloscopus trochilus 1980 Moderate decline
Pica pica 1980 Moderate decline
Picus canus 1989 Stable
Picus viridis / Picus sharpei 1980 Moderate increase
Pluvialis apricaria 1981 Stable
Podiceps cristatus 1990 Moderate decline
Poecile montanus 1980 Moderate decline
Poecile palustris 1980 Moderate decline
Prunella modularis 1980 Moderate decline
Ptyonoprogne rupestris 1998 Moderate increase
Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax 1998 Stable
Pyrrhula pyrrhula 1980 Moderate decline
Regulus ignicapilla 1982 Stable
Regulus regulus 1980 Moderate decline
Saxicola rubetra 1980 Moderate decline
Saxicola torquatus 1989 Stable
Serinus serinus 1982 Moderate decline
Sitta europaea 1980 Moderate increase
Spinus spinus 1980 Moderate decline
Streptopelia decaocto 1980 Moderate increase
Streptopelia turtur 1980 Moderate decline
Sturnus unicolor 1998 Moderate decline
Sturnus vulgaris 1980 Moderate decline
Sylvia atricapilla 1980 Moderate increase
Sylvia borin 1980 Moderate decline
Tachybaptus ruficollis 1990 Moderate decline
Tadorna tadorna 1991 Moderate decline
Tetrastes bonasia 1980 Moderate decline
Tetrax tetrax 1998 Steep decline
Tringa erythropus 2006 Stable
Tringa glareola 1980 Moderate decline
Tringa nebularia 1998 Moderate decline
Tringa ochropus 1980 Stable
Tringa totanus 1980 Moderate decline
Troglodytes troglodytes 1980 Moderate increase
Turdus iliacus 1980 Moderate decline
Turdus merula 1980 Moderate increase
Turdus philomelos 1980 Moderate increase
Turdus pilaris 1980 Stable
Turdus torquatus 1998 Stable
Turdus viscivorus 1980 Moderate decline
Upupa epops 1989 Stable
Vanellus vanellus 1980 Moderate decline

All Bird Index, Europe

Countries
Andorra
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czechia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Republic of Ireland
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom

Source of the data: EBCC/BirdLife/RSPB/CSO

Wild Bird Indices, Europe

Indicator Region Time period No. of species Trend (%)a)
Europe 1980-2024 168 -19
Europe 1980-2024 39 -58
Europe 1980-2024 34 -10

Wild Bird Indices, EU

Indicator Region Time period No. of species Trend (%)a)
EU 1980-2024 168 -18
EU 1980-2024 39 -52
EU 1980-2024 34 -7
New EU 1982-2024 29 -40
Old EU 1980-2024 39 -49

Regional Wild Bird Indices

Indicator Region Time period No. of species Trend (%)a)
Central & East Europe 1982-2024 23 -29
Central & East Europe 1982-2024 27 -8
North Europe 1980-2024 14 -46
North Europe 1980-2024 24 -19
South Europe 1989-2024 37 -46
South Europe 1989-2024 25 -31
West Europe 1980-2024 22 -52
West Europe 1980-2024 29 3