European Indicators

Since January 2006, the European Commission has supported the production of European bird indicators.

Table overview: Updated European, EU, and regional smoothed indicators, including time span, number of species, and indicator trend.
Indicator details: Select an indicator in the Indicator column and click Show to view the graph, species list, and country coverage.
Graphs: Display graphs separately or combined (All data in one graph). Use Reset to clear selections.
Graph info: Each indicator graph shows species trends (declining, increasing, stable, uncertain) and provides species and country lists.

Further details on the production of the European indicators are provided in European Wild Bird Indices, 2025 update.

Confidence limits may be shown only if the option All data in one graph is set to no.

Farmland Bird Index, South Europe, 1989-2024

Trend of species contributing to the indicator:

  • Moderate decline 22
  • Moderate increase 5
  • Stable 9
  • Steep decline 1
  • Strong increase 0
  • Uncertain 0

Farmland Bird Index, South Europe

Species Base year Trend classification
Alauda arvensis 1989 Moderate decline
Alectoris rufa 1998 Moderate decline
Anthus campestris 1998 Stable
Anthus pratensis 1989 Moderate decline
Bubulcus ibis 1998 Moderate increase
Burhinus oedicnemus 1998 Moderate decline
Calandrella brachydactyla 1998 Moderate increase
Ciconia ciconia 1998 Moderate increase
Corvus frugilegus 1989 Stable
Curruca communis 1989 Moderate decline
Emberiza calandra 1989 Moderate decline
Emberiza cirlus 1989 Stable
Emberiza citrinella 1989 Moderate decline
Emberiza hortulana 1998 Moderate decline
Emberiza melanocephala 2002 Moderate decline
Falco tinnunculus 1989 Moderate decline
Galerida cristata 1998 Moderate decline
Galerida theklae 1998 Moderate increase
Hirundo rustica 1989 Moderate decline
Lanius collurio 1989 Stable
Lanius senator 1998 Moderate decline
Linaria cannabina 1989 Moderate decline
Melanocorypha calandra 1998 Moderate decline
Motacilla flava 1989 Moderate increase
Oenanthe hispanica 1998 Moderate decline
Passer montanus 1989 Moderate decline
Perdix perdix 1989 Moderate decline
Petronia petronia 1998 Stable
Saxicola rubetra 1989 Moderate decline
Saxicola torquatus 1989 Stable
Serinus serinus 1989 Moderate decline
Streptopelia turtur 1989 Moderate decline
Sturnus unicolor 1998 Moderate decline
Sturnus vulgaris 1989 Stable
Tetrax tetrax 1998 Steep decline
Upupa epops 1989 Stable
Vanellus vanellus 1989 Stable

Farmland Bird Index, South Europe

Countries
Andorra
France
Italy
Portugal
Spain

Source of the data: EBCC/BirdLife/RSPB/CSO

Wild Bird Indices, Europe

Indicator Region Time period No. of species Trend (%)a)
Europe 1980-2024 168 -19
Europe 1980-2024 39 -58
Europe 1980-2024 34 -10

Wild Bird Indices, EU

Indicator Region Time period No. of species Trend (%)a)
EU 1980-2024 168 -18
EU 1980-2024 39 -52
EU 1980-2024 34 -7
New EU 1982-2024 29 -40
Old EU 1980-2024 39 -49

Regional Wild Bird Indices

Indicator Region Time period No. of species Trend (%)a)
Central & East Europe 1982-2024 23 -29
Central & East Europe 1982-2024 27 -8
North Europe 1980-2024 14 -46
North Europe 1980-2024 24 -19
South Europe 1989-2024 37 -46
South Europe 1989-2024 25 -31
West Europe 1980-2024 22 -52
West Europe 1980-2024 29 3